Tithi · Nakshatra · Yoga · Karana · Sunrise · Rahu Kala
Tithi — The lunar day (1–30) based on the angle between Sun and Moon. 30 tithis per lunar month split into Shukla Paksha (waxing, 1–15) and Krishna Paksha (waning, 16–30).
Nakshatra — One of 27 lunar mansions (stars). The Moon moves through one nakshatra every ~27 hours. The birth nakshatra determines the Vimshottari Dasha sequence.
Yoga — A combination of Sun and Moon longitudes (27 yogas). Shiva, Siddha, Amrit are auspicious; Vishkambha, Parigha, Vyatipata are inauspicious.
Karana — Half a Tithi. 7 movable karanas repeat 8 times + 4 fixed ones = 60 karanas per month. Vishti (Bhadra) is considered inauspicious.
Rahu Kala — A 90-minute window each weekday ruled by Rahu, considered inauspicious for new ventures. Varies by day: Mon 7:30–9am, Tue 3–4:30pm, etc.